Sex addiction Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Sex habit - Essay Example gh sexual brokenness (issues that meddle with the capacity to engage in sexual relations) are frequently observed as a more noteworthy mental issue, sexual fixation is a risky ailment that can annihilate the lives of people, their families, and their companions. Luckily, similar to all addictions, help is accessible. No one needs to carry on with their life enduring the torment and disgrace of a sexual habit. Sexual fixation may involve a wide scope of urgent sexual practices. Sometimes, it very well may be recorded under paraphilia, if the dependence includes â€Å"recurrent, extraordinary explicitly stirring dreams, sexual desires, or practices by and large including 1) nonhuman items, 2) the anguish or mortification of oneself or one’s accomplice, or 3) kids or other nonconsenting persons† (DSM-IV, 2000, p. 566). Measurably, â€Å"paraphilias are viewed as uncommon, influencing just a little level of the US populace. Analysts make some troublesome memories attempting to decide a particular level of included people on the grounds that a significant number of the demonstrations are illicit and revealing strategies normally are unreliable† (Bellnir, 2005, p. 328). This is the situation for any sort of sexual issue, in light of the fact that the disgrace associated with sexual issues keeps numerous individuals from examining their issues or looking for help. Normally when we discuss sexual enslavement, we are alluding to practices that include habitual sexual acts, no doubt with an assortment of accomplices, especially when the sexual conduct has the idea of upsetting the individual taking part in it, or in any case adversely full of feeling their life (regardless of whether they can't concede the issue). The DSM-IV classifies sexual enslavement with other randomness at 302.9 Sexual Disorder Not Otherwise Specified. Crushed between sentiments of sexual deficiency and misery with ones sexual direction, it is concisely portrayed as â€Å"Distress about an example of rehashed sexual connections including a progression of darlings who are experienced by the individual just as things

The 4 Classical Activities in Client Relationship Management Assignment

The 4 Classical Activities in Client Relationship Management - Assignment Example This paper shows that through market direction, esteem creation, and utilization of inventive IT, a firm can expand the quantity of first-time clients. After the acquisition of a given item, the business sets out toward the subsequent objective, holding the customers. Client maintenance is a basic piece of maintaining a business. On the off chance that clients don't become steadfast customers, it gets hard to have referrals to the business and much increasingly hard to make forecasts on request. At the end of the day, a firm should receive procedures that help hold the clients who previously made a buy. While most clients would return to purchase a similar item on the off chance that they trust the vender as the best vendor of a specific product, clients may return for different merchandise and ventures, which realizes the third old style action of CRM, expansion. In client augmentation, clients must be return clients first. Along these lines, they come back to purchase items they ha ve bought before from which the firm acquaints them with different items and administrations. Once in a while the items may not identify with those they had bought previously. The objective of a firm is to hold them as steadfast clients offering them as different items as could be expected under the circumstances. Client choice, ultimately, includes knowing who the objective is, the thing that esteem they bring to the firm’s destinations, their life cycle, and where to discover the clients. Without this information, a firm may not settle on legitimate choices in advertising, etc.

MIT References

MIT References Okay, Ill admit that its been a slow week for me, so Im going to blog about some MIT references. First up, the book Freakonomics by Chicago economist Steven Levitt. He received his PhD from MIT in 1994, and recently was awarded the John Bates Clark medal. As Matts blog discussed, this year, MIT Professor Daron Acemoglu won the Clark medal. The MIT News Office reports, Acemoglu is the fifth member of the present Economics Department to receive the Clark Medal. According to Soundings, Number of Nobel prize winners among current and former members of the MIT Economics Department in the past 5 years: 5 Number of John Bates Clark Medal winners in the past dozen years who are current or former members of the MIT Economics Department: 5 Consider that #1, the Clark Medal is given every two years, and #2, this was written before Acemoglu received it this year. Not too shabby, eh? Anyway, I bring up Freakonomics in the first place because Levitt cites MIT Professor Dan Arielys research about dating websites. When I read it in Freakonomics, I freaked out. And then I groaned about what a lame pun that was. On a slightly unrelated note, the film Mr. and Mrs. Smith also references MIT. When John (Brad Pitt) and Jane (Angelina Jolie) are revealing to each other the lies they have told over the years, he confides, By the way, I didnt go to MIT. Though we didnt get the real thing, we got as close as you can get, short of going with a wax model. Steve Asles, his stand-in, attended and received three degrees from MIT. Again, not too shabby. (Sorry this picture is so large, but honestly, does anyone mind?) In The Recruit, Colin Farrells character received his MIT degree in non-linear cryptography. Unfortunately, we havent yet approved that major, though we did get bioengineering! (Look how I manage to work in all this random MIT stuff. Its brilliant, I know.) Someone already caught the mistake good work. Ah, the stuff dreams are made of. non-linear cryptography, I mean. Actor Steve Buscemi played an MIT alum in Armageddon. In the film, he said, You want to compare brainpans? I won the Westinghouse prize when I was 12, big deal. Published at 19, so what. I got a double doctorate from MIT at 22, chemistry and geology. I taught at Princeton for two and a half years. Why do I do this? Because the moneys good, the scenery changes and they let me use explosives, ok? At least they sort of got the majors right. Finally, MIT Anime maintains a website with MIT references in anime. This view is modeled after the setup of Hayden Library. Any others?

Amazon The World s Largest Online Store - 1664 Words

Introduction: Amazon.com is the world’s largest online store that provides access to online shoppers worldwide. In 1994, Jeff Bezos started this in his garage with the name of Cadabra. It was given its present name in 1995. Its headquarter is in Seattle Washington according to the statistics of 2012, 88,400 employees are working in the office and its revenue is about 61.09 billion US dollars. Firstly starting as an online book store, it developed itself as the largest online store of DVDs, software, mp3 downloads, videogames, furniture, toys, food, jewelry and many more things. Amazon is present in many countries as separate selling websites like America, Canada, Brazil, France, Germany, UK, Italy, Spain, Japan and china. As the internet banished the geography, so did the Amazon. Today, there are 1.7 billion internet users as compared to the 3600 million in the year Jeff Bezos started the Amazon. So, it also globalized along with the globalizing world (Wasserman 2012). Discussion Bezos’ vision was to make this company that would have an unbroken chain of book selling. He wanted to create a brand which was irresistible and global. In the words of his university professor: â€Å"he was not warm. It was like he could be a Martian for all I knew. A well-meaning, nice Martian. Bill Gates said, â€Å"I buy books from Amazon.com because time is short and they have a big inventory and they are very reliable†. So, the Amazon.com has affected not only the common but also very well-known personsShow MoreRelatedCompany History And Overview Of Amazon.com, Inc.1488 Words   |  6 Pagescommerce company with headquarters in Seattle, Washington and is the largest Internet-based retailer in the United States (Ungar, 2014). Amazon.com started as an online bookstore, but soon diversified, selling DVDs, Blu-rays, CDs, video downloads/ streaming, MP3 downloads/streaming, software, video games, electronics, apparel, furniture, food, toys and jewelry (Ungar, 2014). The company also produces consumer electronics—notably, Amazon Kindle e-book readers, Fire tablets, Fire TV and Fire Phone — andRead MoreSwot Analysis Of Amazon : Swot Analysis Essay1198 Words   |  5 Pagesthe Amazon Kindle e-reader, Fire tablet and Fire TV - and is the world s largest provider of cloud infrastructure services (IaaS). Amazon also sells some low-end products, such as the USB cable, its internal brand Amazon Foundation. SWOT The SWOT is one of the most useful tools to analyze the company. According to the analysis of SWOT, company would have improvement from the business operation. Here is the SWOT analysis of Amazon in 2016: Strength Weakness 1.  Low-cost structure, the largest selectionRead MoreCan We Consider Walmart A Fair Competitor?s Online Success?1609 Words   |  7 PagesFAIR COMPETITOR TO AMAZON’S ONLINE SUCCESS? Amazon’s victory is significant, keeping in mind that the company grew by 41% in the last fiscal year by $48.1 billion, that is, five times faster than Walmart, that grew only by a mere 8% (Fig 2). Indeed, Amazon’s world-wide popularity and recognition will be difficult to beat, with demographics of 237 million active customers worldwide, making it one of the most valuable brands in the world. Not only has Amazon seized the world with its e-commerce strategyRead MoreAmazon s Founder. Jeffery P. Bezos Essay1518 Words   |  7 Pagesvaledictorian of his class and was accepted to Princeton University where he planned to study physics but was overwhelmed by his love and interest for computers which led him to earn his degree in computer science and electrical engineering. Intrigued by the world of finance, Jeff found employment on Wall Street with the firm D. E. Shaw which specialized in the application of computer science to the stock market, where he earned the title o f being the youngest senior vice president. In 1994, Jeff noticed internetRead MoreAmazon s Major Competitors Are Divided1086 Words   |  5 Pagespart is physical stores such as Walmart or Target. The second area of competition is through the online market eg; EBay and BestBuy. As opposed to Amazon, customers in a physical store could have more comprehensive experience, especially for specific products like clothes and electronic devices. Some customers need to be able to see and try the product themselves before feeling comfortable enough to purchase it. Secondly, although Amazon has two day free shipping for its Amazon Prime, people areRead MoreAmazon Go A Grocery Store1409 Words   |  6 PagesAmazon Go is a grocery store that is fully automated with cash register and no traditional checkout. You check into the Amazon Go account with the app and then you take the items that you want and you go, just like the name. The analysis of the current situation of Amazon Go and what le ad Amazon Go to come into the grocery business. What is amazon’s business strategy in terms of competition, pricing, etc. Team insights on top of Amazon future plans in the grocery market. Strategic Analysis MissionRead MoreAre You Looking For Buy Electronics Online?1348 Words   |  6 PagesAre you looking to buy electronics online? There are a lot of different factors to consider. The best price is probably the first thing on your mind, of course. But there are also the issues of shipping cost, reliability, rewards programs, temporary sales and coupons ... it s enough to make your head spin! This guide to eight of the top online electronics retailers breaks down their different strengths and will help you determine which retailer is the best fit for you. 1. Best Buy Best Buy isRead MoreAmazon s Distribution Of Distribution Essay933 Words   |  4 PagesChannels of distribution Amazon is an e-commerce company that sells their products and services to customers and producers. Amazon plays big roles such as a middleman, a marketplace, and an online retailer. Their channels of distribution are also diversifying depended on their roles. Many retailers, wholesalers, manufacturers, publishers, and 3rd party sellers are attracted to Amazon.com, †¦(need something here)†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ yet still creates many conflicts with retailers and publishers. Take the case of Toys’Read MoreAmazon s Distribution Of Distribution Essay1262 Words   |  6 PagesChannels of distribution Amazon plays big roles such as a middleman, a marketplace, and an online retailer. Amazon can be viewed with having one channel of distribution. However, Amazon divides its channel into two groups professional and individual. Professional is the plan for who sells more than 40 items a month such as retailers and wholesalers like Apple, Target, and Nordstrom. Individual is the plan for 3rd party sellers who sell less than 40 items a month. Products will be sent and stockedRead MoreTo:Melody Dixon-Brown. Bus-3160 Colleagues. From: Jaaia1691 Words   |  7 Pages Company Information Amazon is the World’s largest and number one e-tailer (Terry-Armstrong, 2013). Amazon started off with 30,000 employees in 2011 and at the end of last year they had 180,000 employees in the U.S. They have plans to increase their workforce to 280,000 by mid-2018 and also plan to employ 25,000 more veterans and military spouses (â€Å"Amazon Plants,† 2017). Amazon is an American based multinational electric commerce company founded in 1994 and launched online in 1995. The company started

Mona Lisa and Last Supper - 3080 Words

1. The Last Supper is a mural painting by Leonardo da Vinci for his patron Duke Lodovico Sforza. It represents the scene of The Last Supper from the final days of Jesus as depicted in the Bible. The painting is based on John 13:21, in which Jesus announced that one of his 12 disciples would betray him. The painting is one of the most well known and valued in the world; unlike many other valuable paintings, however, it has never been privately owned because it cannot be moved. Ð ¢he painting measures 460 Ãâ€" 880 cm and can be found in the refectory of the convent (Ð ¼Ã ¾Ã ½Ã °Ã' Ã'‚Ã'‹Ã'€Ã'Å') of Santa Maria delle Grazie in Milan. The theme was a traditional one for refectories (Ã'‚Ã'€Ð °Ã ¿Ã µÃ ·Ã ½Ã °Ã' ; Ã' Ã'‚Ð ¾Ã »Ã ¾Ã ²Ã °Ã' ), but Leonardos interpretation gave it much greater realism†¦show more content†¦It is believed, through early copies, that Jesus feet were in a position symbolizing the forthcoming crucifixion. A first restoration was attempted in 1726 by Michelangelo Bellotti, who filled in missing sections with oil paint then varnished the whole. The last restoration took 22 years and on May 28, 1999 the painting was put back on display, although intending visitors are required to book ahead and can only stay for 15 minutes. When it was unveiled, considerable controversy was aroused by the dramatic changes in colours, tones, and even some facial shapes. James Beck, professor of art history at Columbia University and founder of ArtWatch International, has been a particularly strong critic. 5. The Last Supper in culture A fine 16th century oil on canvas copy is conserved in the abbey of Tongerlo, Antwerp, Belgium. It reveals many details that are no longer visible on the original. The Roman mosaic artist Giacomo Raffaelli made another life-sized copy (1809-1814) in the Viennese Minorite Church. A play has also been written called The Living Last Supper, in which the painting is depicted on stage and the twelve disciples break from the group individually and address the audience. There is a theory, first publicized in The Templar Revelation by Lynn Picknett and Clive Prince, thatShow MoreRelatedThe Last Supper And Mona Lisa978 Words   |  4 Pagescompleted after twelve years. De Vinci redefined both the area of painting and sculpting by pushing the boundaries. De Vinci was responsible for two of the most historical pieces in the world; â€Å"The Last Supper† and â€Å"Mona Lisa†. During the time frame of 1495 to 1498 he worked on infamous â€Å"The Last Supper†, this painting was a â€Å"tempera and oil paint mural on plaster† (History.com). Da Vinci wanted to portray The Passover dinner, and how Jesus mentions to the apostles that one of the twelve will in factRead MoreLeonardo Da Vinci : The Mona Lisa And The Last Supper1376 Words   |  6 Pagescross so many disciplines he epitomized the name of  ¨Renaissance man. ¨ If you ask people about him, most people will recognize him for his art, especially two paintings that are remaining as the worlds most admired and most famous, The Mona Lisa and the Last Supper. A fun fact about Leonardo Da Vinci is that he was self-taught. He also had dozens of secret notebooks that are filled with Observations, Inventions, and theories he had about pursuits from anatomy to aeronautics.But the rest of the worldRead MoreLeonardo Da Vinci s The Last Supper And Mona Lisa1030 Words   |  5 Pagesto biography.com, the article about the writer, mathematician, inventor, and artist Leonardo da Vinci states that, â€Å"Leonardo da Vinci was a leading artist ad intellectual of the Italian Renaissance who’s known for his enduring works â€Å"The Last Supper† and â€Å"Mona Lisa† †. Leonardo da Vinci was born in Vinci, Italy on April 15, 1452. He was born out of wedlock being raised by his father Ser Piero along with his stepmothers. Leonardo da Vinci was into the laws of science and nature, which played a majorRead MoreRenaissance : The Last Supper And The Mona Lisa Painted By Leonardo Da Vinci Essay1008 Words   |  5 Pagesmore (à ¢â‚¬Å"Renaissance†). Leonardo Da Vinci, Michelangelo, and Raphael were some of the most famous artists during the Renaissance among others (â€Å"Famous People†). Even today, the artwork of these men are still very well-known such as â€Å"The Last Supper† and the â€Å"Mona Lisa† painted by Leonardo da Vinci. Two of the main themes of the Renaissance was worldly experience and individual expression (â€Å"Renaissance†). Leonardo da Vinci was born on April 5, 1452 and died at age sixty-seven in 1519. He was born inRead MoreLeonardo Da Vincis Secrets Essay525 Words   |  3 Pagespaintings, but at second glance they are not that simple. For example, Mona Lisa has captivated humanity for centuries because of her smile and her mysterious identity and the small details in The Last Supper have posed questions about what they mean. Leonardo da Vinci attracts me because through his art he may reveal to us some hidden truths about the past and also because he knows the identity of the women in The Mona Lisa. A crowd of people is lined up at the Paris Louvre museum, patientlyRead MoreLeonardo Da Vinci And The Renaissance Period1455 Words   |  6 Pagesthe Mona Lisa, The Last Supper, and the Vitruvian Man. Leonardo was able to leave his signature and symbol of great arts down to many centuries and proved himself once to be one of the world’s greatest painter. Considered to be one of the greatest and indisputably, the most recognizable painting in the world, the Mona Lisa had captured the heart and interest of many generations. The Italian Leonardo is well known for his genius but perhaps the most well-known of his works is found in the Mona LisaRead MoreEssay on The Renaissance: Visual Analysis1515 Words   |  7 Pagesthis are The Last Supper by Leonardo Da Vinci and The School of Athens by Raphael. Leonardo Da Vinci, The Last Supper Among Da Vinci’s many works of art, The Last Supper is considered to be one of his greatest masterpieces even until today. The Last Supper is a fresco painting that designed the wall of the dining hall of a monastery in Milan (Fichner-Rathus 2008) – although it has been argued that the original painting was not traditional fresco but tempera on plaster. The Last Supper depicts Christ’sRead MoreLeonardo Da Vinci And The Renaissance Man1378 Words   |  6 PagesLeonardo’s painting, the Mona Lisa, is one of the most famous paintings of all time. Using his knowledge from anatomy and sciences, he learned to perfect the muscles in human portraits. Leonardo loved both art and science, using both to his advantage. Also known as the Renaissance Man, Da Vinci was a writer, inventor and an artist. He was known to get bored of his work and move on to study something else causing him to only finish a few of his paintings. Despite Leonardo Da Vinci’s anxious na tureRead MoreThe Great Artists And Inventors During The 15th And 16th Century1263 Words   |  6 PagesLeonardo Da Vinci. Leonardo Da Vinci’s intelligence allowed him to create and invent things that none of the other inventors could make or even think of. Da Vinci painted some of the most magnificent and priceless paintings such as the Mona Lisa and The Last Supper. Da Vinci was also an inventor; he would write down all of his ideas and test some of the out. Some of these inventions play a big part of life today; these inventions include the airplane, helicopter, scuba gear, machine gun and plansRead MoreLeonardo Da Vinci And The Renaissance Era1572 Words   |  7 Pagesart flourished. One of the great masters of the Renaissance known as Leonardo Da Vinci, dominated the period of the High Renaissance. The values of the Renaissance exist in the works of Leonardo Da Vinci portrayed through his paintings of Mona Lisa, The Last Supper, and Salvator Mundi. The Renaissance Era was a period in Europe that lasted between the 14th century and 17th century. It was the period of time immediately following the Middle Ages in Europe that saw a great revival of interest in the

Symbolism In A Rose For Emily By William Faulkner - 879 Words

Till Death Do Us Part In â€Å"A Rose for Emily† William Faulkner writes a gothic toned short story about spending life holding onto the past and lost love, and the toll life can take on ones self. The main character Emily Grierson is a woman who lives in the house of her deceased father in the south during the late 1800’s/ early 1900’s, and spends her life secluded while trying to hold onto love and refuses change. The main character holds onto the things in her life including love and inexperience, while being unwelcoming and mentally deteriorating until the day she dies. I believe that Faulkner uses the title of the story, the house, and hair as symbolic messages in the story to reveal the love Emily has lost but holds onto, how life has†¦show more content†¦327). Her life spent holding onto lost love caused her to be destroyed and deteriorated inside, and out. The house Emily lived in was once a beautiful and elegant house. Passed onto her from her father, it is described as being white, big with balconies, decorated with cupolas, and placed on one of the best streets. But as time went on, the house began to age and weaken. The narrator compares the house to being an eyesore. As the story goes on the house just seems to get worst, at one point Emily’s house receives complaints of reeking, when the narrator says â€Å"It was another link between the gross teeming world and the high and mighty Griersons† (pg. 324). By the end of the story when the narrator finally makes their way into Emily’s home after years of it being shut in from the world, the house was unclean and filled with dust. The place had looked as though it hadn’t been cleaned in years. The house is symbolic to Emily herself. As she ages so does the house. As she starts to seclude herself and gains weight, the house becomes smelly and covered in dust . As she gets older she also becomes mentally ill which causes her to be alone for so many years. A house can’t stand if it’s weakened and that’s the same for Emily. Emily’s hair is mentioned quite a few times during the story. The first time her hair is mentioned is right after her dad dies. The narrator describes â€Å"when we saw her again, her hair was cut short, making her look like a girl, with a vague resemblance toShow MoreRelatedSymbolism Of A Rose For Emily By William Faulkner Essay1070 Words   |  5 Pages Symbolism meaning: Analysis of the symbolism of â€Å"The for Emily† by William Faulkner In the story of â€Å"A Rose for Emily† by William Faulkner, Emily Grierson is the protagonist who also represents the Jefferson communities’ past and present by following her life backward and her house and the people in a community to represent the changes throughout time. William Faulkner’s â€Å"A Rose for Emily† shows the progress of the small southern town Jefferson through the life of one woman, and the symbols ofRead MoreSymbolism in A Rose for Emily by William Faulkner Essay555 Words   |  3 PagesSymbolism in A Rose for Emily by William Faulkner William Faulkner used a great deal of symbolism in this story. His use of symbolism captivated the reader until the shocking end of the story. Some of the symbolism was blatant while some was vague and disguised. While Faulkner’s use of the color white in this story wasn’t obvious at first it soon becomes clear that the color white represents innocence and youth. The Grierson house was white and when Miss Emily was a young girl she woreRead MoreThe Impacts of Symbolism in A Rose for Emily by William Faulkner728 Words   |  3 Pagesan author can make their writing more interesting by using symbolism. Using symbolism can help the author give detail, depth, and meaning to their work. By giving the reader a mental picture of an object or idea, it is easier for the reader to connect and comprehend what the author is trying to say. The use of symbolism can also hint the reader of something that will happen in the future. Faulkners use of symbolism in A Rose for Emily defines and gives a better understanding of Emilys emotionsRead MoreIn â€Å"A Rose for Emily†, William Faulkner uses imagery and symbolism to both illustrate and500 Words   |  2 Pages In â€Å"A Rose for Emily†, William Faulkner uses imagery and symbolism to both illustrate and strengthen the most prevalent theme; Emily’s resistance to change. William Faulkner seems to reveal this theme through multiple descriptions of Miss Grierson’s actions, appearance, and her home. Throughout the short story it is obvious that Emily has a hard time letting go of her past, she seems to be holding onto every bit of her past. Readers see this shown in several ways, some more obvious than othersRead MoreEssay on Connecting Symbols in A Rose for Emily1248 Words   |  5 Pagesliterature is the use of images and symbols. Symbols are sometimes complex and contain both literal and figurative significance. Symbolism in literature is commonly used to bind the attribut es of an object with various segments of a story to provide the reader with a deeper understanding and sometimes hidden meaning. In the short story, â€Å"A Rose for Emily† William Faulkner utilizes a vast collection of symbols, as a means to enhance the reader’s visual perceptions but also prompts consideration intoRead MoreEssay on William Faulkners A Rose for Emily1539 Words   |  7 PagesWilliam Faulkners A Rose for Emily As any reader can see, A Rose for Emily is one of the most authentic short stories by Faulkner. His use of characterization, narration, foreshadowing, and symbolism are four key factors to why Faulkners work is idealistic to all readers.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The works of William Faulkner have had positive effects on readers throughout his career. Local legends and gossip trigger the main focus of his stories. Considering that Faulkner grew up in Mississippi, he wasRead MoreSymbolism In Rose For Emily892 Words   |  4 Pagesextreme situations. William Faulkner achieved to describe that in the story â€Å"Rose for Emily† through the main character, Miss Emily Grierson who suffered from necrophilia. This story is enriched with full of symbolism, along with a deep-rooted issues and messages. Symbolism helps to gives readers to think about text and hidden themes that go along with the symbols. This gives reading a more rich and vivid experience. There are symbols lurking in every corner of this short story. William Faulkners useRead MoreThe Lottery, By Shirley Jackson And A Rose For Emily By William Faulkner960 Words   |  4 PagesThe Use of Symbolism in â€Å"The Lottery† by Shirley Jackson and â€Å"A Rose for Emily† by William Faulkner The use of symbolism is used in literature to enhance writing and add meaning to a story, this is evident in the two short stories â€Å"The Lottery† written by Shirley Jackson and â€Å"A Rose for Emily† written by William Faulkner. With the authors use of symbolism Jackson and Faulkner are able to add depth to their writing in a way that connects with the readers. By adding symbolism to the short storiesRead MoreA Rose For Emily Literary Analysis875 Words   |  4 PagesAdopting new ideas allows for both the individual and society to progress. William Faulkner packs the short story â€Å"A Rose for Emily† with different types of literary devices that describes the fight against change in the post-U.S. Civil War South. Faulkner’s story takes place in the Southern town of Jefferson Mississippi in the late 1800’s, early 1900’s. The symbolism of the primary characters (Emily Grierson, her father and the Grierson estate) chronicles how diff icult change is in Jefferson. AssumingRead MoreEssay A Rose for Emily: Literary Analysis 2990 Words   |  4 PagesENG 102 Analysis Research Paper 09-25-10 Literary Analysis William Faulkner’s short story â€Å"A Rose for Emily† carries a theme represented by a dying breed of that era, while using symbolism to represent tragedy, loneliness and some form of pride, the story also shows how far one will go to have the approval of others and the pursuit of happiness. In today’s times, a person’s image could mean everything in life and almost everyone tries to fit into the main stream in some form at some point

Community And Social Structure Essay Example For Students

Community And Social Structure Essay AssignmentIII The idea of people being social in nature can be clearly illustrated by the groups, or communities that one sees all around them. Groups of individuals share a common perspective of what reality consists of, this is known as culture(Charon, 1997). This reality is perceived through our interactions with others in the group and by what our position is within that group(Charon, 1997). The way in which we see the world is in a sense limited by both our position and our interactions. In order to actually fill your position in the group you need to have a working set of ideas and concepts to get the job done(Charon, 1997). This working set of ideas is actually formed by the interactions that you have with other people who have the same position as you. It works for everyone else, and therefore you can t just randomly choose another set of concepts and ideas andexpect them to work, so you choose the ideas, concepts, and means that your peers use(Charon, 1997). For instance, if you are a Chemist, you obtain knowledge and perspectives consistent of your environment, i.e. chemistry, you would not learn a great deal about molecular biology because those concepts and ideas are not useful to you. We don t have a complete picture of everything around usbecause we perceive only the things which fit into our social structure(Charon, 1997). Reality is not a Velcro Nerf dart toss of facts and ideas, but rather a magnetic selection of those facts and ideas which are conducive to our pre-constructed structure. To one man power and riches are the greatest thing to achieve, but to a bum The oiliest thing is to have a warm placeto sleep (Coleman,1982:207). It s unfortunate that these conceptscan be utilized by a dictator to gain control and power for his own ideas and concepts. Hitler was just such a man, he used a social construct known as patriotism, that is, sense of pride and connection with everyone within a society. Hitler rallied people by the droves claiming economic bloom, and prosperity for all if they submit to the organization, and promised death to any that were not within that organization. He kept them thinking the same thoughts, holding the same beliefs, and striving towards a common cause, and six million Jewish people gave their lives up for not being part of his concept of community. The German people believed in the concepts and ideas because Hitler was going to bring them prosperity once he got rid of those niggardly Jews . When someone is told to electrocute another person to train them to respond with positive answers only, they take it as their role to do so without questioning, even if the shock was strong enough to be lethal(Meyers, 1970). Such was the case in a study done in North Carolina(Meyers, 1970). It illustrates how we are socialized to be an equal member of the community. We do and believe that which is necessary to fulfill our role in the community, and so our perspective is that of our communities. (Charon, 1997) In short, we all are socialized into the people we become, and we only associate with people that are socialized in a similar manner as ourselves(Charon, 1997). Those that are similar form a community and teach new members of the community what their status quo is through example and explicit instruction. And this is what makes us social in nature, that we rely on others to justify ourselves, this need for acceptance leads us to alter our perspective to match that of those we wish to be accepted by. .u096756334eeef923125bfa1aa582bf2d , .u096756334eeef923125bfa1aa582bf2d .postImageUrl , .u096756334eeef923125bfa1aa582bf2d .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u096756334eeef923125bfa1aa582bf2d , .u096756334eeef923125bfa1aa582bf2d:hover , .u096756334eeef923125bfa1aa582bf2d:visited , .u096756334eeef923125bfa1aa582bf2d:active { border:0!important; } .u096756334eeef923125bfa1aa582bf2d .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u096756334eeef923125bfa1aa582bf2d { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u096756334eeef923125bfa1aa582bf2d:active , .u096756334eeef923125bfa1aa582bf2d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u096756334eeef923125bfa1aa582bf2d .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u096756334eeef923125bfa1aa582bf2d .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u096756334eeef923125bfa1aa582bf2d .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u096756334eeef923125bfa1aa582bf2d .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u096756334eeef923125bfa1aa582bf2d:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u096756334eeef923125bfa1aa582bf2d .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u096756334eeef923125bfa1aa582bf2d .u096756334eeef923125bfa1aa582bf2d-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u096756334eeef923125bfa1aa582bf2d:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Gay marriage Essay The social structure being what it is, there is a situation in which ones community can be very limiting. Take the homeless for example, a homeless person has ragged clothes, no address, no phone number, sometimes no identification, and no resources for obtaining these(Coleman, 1982). A homeless person would need a job to get the necessary components needed to get a job, and so they have restricted life chances(Coleman, 1982). The homeless learn this and limit themselves further by believing that their position is the only one they can hold, and have no choice(Coleman, 1982). BibliographyBIBLIOGRAPHY Charon, M. Joel. 1998. Ten Questions, A Sociological Perspective. California: Wadsworth Publishing Company. Coleman, R. John. 1982 Diary of a homeless man Pp. 203-215in Down to Earth Sociology,Introductory readings, edited by James M. Henslin. New York,NY: The Free Press. Meyer, Phillip. 1970 If Hitler Asked you to Electrocute aStranger, Would You? Probably Pp. 186-192 in Down to EarthSociology,Introductory readings, edited by James M. Henslin. New York,NY: The Free Press. Sociology Essays

The Manhattan Project Essay Example For Students

The Manhattan Project Essay On the morning of August 6, 1945, a B-29 bomber named EnolaGay flew over the industrial city of Hiroshima, Japan and dropped thefirst atomic bomb ever. The city went up in flames caused by theimmense power equal to about 20,000 tons of TNT. The project was asuccess. They were an unprecedented assemblage of civilian, andmilitary scientific brain powerbrilliant, intense, and young, thepeople that helped develop the bomb. Unknowingly they came to anisolated mountain setting, known as Los Alamos, New Mexico, to designand build the bomb that would end World War 2, but begin seriouscontroversies concerning its sheer power and destruction. I becameinterested in this topic because of my interest in science andhistory. It seemed an appropriate topic because I am presentlystudying World War 2 in my Social Studies Class. The Hiroshima andNagasaki bombings were always taught to me with some opinion, and Ialways wanted to know the bomb itself and the unbiased effects that ithad. This I-search was a great opportunity for me to actually fulfillmy interest. We will write a custom essay on The Manhattan Project specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The Manhattan Project was the code name for the US effortduring World War II to produce the atomic bomb. It was appropriatelynamed for the Manhattan Engineer District of the US Army Corps ofEngineers, because much of the early research was done in New YorkCity (Badash 238). Sparked by refugee physicists in the UnitedStates, the program was slowly organized after nuclear fission wasdiscovered by German scientists in 1938, and many US scientistsexpressed the fear that Hitler would attempt to build a fission bomb. Frustrated with the idea that Germany might produce an atomic bombfirst, Leo Szilard and other scientists asked Albert Einstein, afamous scientist during that time, to use his influence and write aletter to president FDR, pleading for support to further research thepower of nuclear fission (Badash 237). His letters were a success,and President Roosevelt established the Manhattan Project. Physicists from 1939 onward conducted much research to findanswers to such questions as how many neutrons were emitted in eachfission, which elements would not capture the neutrons but wouldmoderate or reduce their velocity , and whether only the lighter andscarcer isotope of uranium (U-235) fissioned or the common isotope(U-238) could be used. They learned that each fission releases a fewneutrons. A chain reaction, therefore, was theoretically possible, ifnot too many neutrons escaped from the mass or were captured byimpurities. To create this chain reaction and turn it into a usableweapon was the ultimate goal of the Manhattan Project. In 1942 General Leslie Groves was chosen to lead the project,and he immediately purchased a site at Oak Ridge, Tenn., forfacilities to separate the necessary uranium-235 from the much morecommon uranium-238. Uranium 235 was an optimal choice for the bombbecause of its unusually unstable composition. Thus, the race toseparate the two began. During that time, the work to perfect thefiring mechanism and structure of the bomb was also swiftly underway. General Groves initial task had been to select a scientificdirector for the bomb project. His first two choices, Ernest O. Lawrence, director of the electromagnetic separation project, andArthur H. Compton, director of Chicago Metallurgical Laboratory, werenot available. Groves had some doubts regarding the next bestcandidate, J. Robert Oppenheimer (Wood 2). Finally, Groves gambledon Oppenheimer, a theoretical mathematician, as director of theweapons laboratory, built on an isolated mesa (flat land area) at LosAlamos, New Mexico. After much difficulty, an absorbent barrier suitable forseparating isotopes of uranium was developed and installed in the OakRidge gaseous diffusion plant. Finally, in 1945, uranium-235 of bombpurity was shipped to Los Alamos, where it was fashioned into agun-type weapon. In a barrel, one piece of uranium was fired atanother, together forming a supercritical, explosive mass. To achievechain-reaction fission, a certain amount of fissile material, calledcritical mass, is necessary. The fissile material used in theHiroshima model was uranium 235. In the bomb, the uranium was dividedinto two parts, both of which were below critical mass. The bomb wasdesigned so that one part would be slammed into the other by anexplosive device to achieve critical mass instantaneously (Badash238). When critical mass is achieved, continuous fission (a chainreaction) takes place in an extremely short period of time, and farmore energy is released than in the case of a gun-powder explosion(Badash 238). On D ecember 2, 1942, the first self-sustaining chainreaction with cadmium took place, overseen by Enrico Fermi, in theUniversity of Chicago squash fields (Asimov 783). .u8056b0bd97be1d6b1ea7a2f9328d1b1e , .u8056b0bd97be1d6b1ea7a2f9328d1b1e .postImageUrl , .u8056b0bd97be1d6b1ea7a2f9328d1b1e .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u8056b0bd97be1d6b1ea7a2f9328d1b1e , .u8056b0bd97be1d6b1ea7a2f9328d1b1e:hover , .u8056b0bd97be1d6b1ea7a2f9328d1b1e:visited , .u8056b0bd97be1d6b1ea7a2f9328d1b1e:active { border:0!important; } .u8056b0bd97be1d6b1ea7a2f9328d1b1e .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u8056b0bd97be1d6b1ea7a2f9328d1b1e { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u8056b0bd97be1d6b1ea7a2f9328d1b1e:active , .u8056b0bd97be1d6b1ea7a2f9328d1b1e:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u8056b0bd97be1d6b1ea7a2f9328d1b1e .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u8056b0bd97be1d6b1ea7a2f9328d1b1e .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u8056b0bd97be1d6b1ea7a2f9328d1b1e .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u8056b0bd97be1d6b1ea7a2f9328d1b1e .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u8056b0bd97be1d6b1ea7a2f9328d1b1e:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u8056b0bd97be1d6b1ea7a2f9328d1b1e .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u8056b0bd97be1d6b1ea7a2f9328d1b1e .u8056b0bd97be1d6b1ea7a2f9328d1b1e-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u8056b0bd97be1d6b1ea7a2f9328d1b1e:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Cutting Fine Arts in Schools EssayAnother type of atomic bomb was also constructed using thesynthetic element plutonium. Fermi built a reactor at Chicago in late1942, the prototype of five production reactors erected at Hanford,Wash. These reactors manufactured plutonium by bombarding uranium-238with neutrons. At Los Alamos the plutonium was surrounded with highexplosives to compress it into a super dense, super critical mass farfaster than could be done in a gun barrel. The result was tested atAlamogordo, New Mexico, on July 16, 1945, and was the first explosionof an atomic bomb code-named Trinity (Beyer 55). However, all was not that easy coming up to this milestonepoint. Security restrictions bound both workers and townspeople. Everybody had the same address where all mail was censored (Wood 4). Everybody was restricted to a 200 mile radius, and residents of LosAlamos were prohibited from telling friends and relatives where theylived (Wood 4). There were serious issues of security of documents,due to failure to lock up (Wood 4). The one serious incident was the hiring of Klaus Fuchs. Hewas later found, and convicted of obtaining secret documents andsending them to the Soviet Union. A competent and hardworkingscientist himself, Fuchs enabled the Soviet Union to create their ownatomic bomb (Beyer 45). Names were not allowed to be mentionedoutside of the laboratory. Everybody was a â€Å"sir† or â€Å"mister† insteadof their own name (Wood 4). Unless they worked at the lab themselves,wives knew nothing of their husbands research (Wood 4). Decisions to drop the atomic bomb went through severalpersonalities, yet ultimately rested upon president Truman. The manwhose decisions created the Manhattan Project, never lived to see theresults of his labor. FDR died on April 12, three months before thefirst successful Trinity test (Beyer 56). The responsibilities weresoon placed upon Truman, the next president. Truman knew nothingabout the bomb and its effects yet hastily decided that the bomb beused on Japan, considering Germany was no longer a target with the warin Europe over. Initiated by Szilard, a petition was made to offerthe opinion that the bomb should be used only if Japan refused tosurrender, even after being informed of the bombs destructivecapabilities (Beyer 65). Nevertheless, the decision was made that thebombs would be used until Japan surrendered. The Hiroshima model is known as a gun-barrel-type atomic bomb. Due to its long and narrow shape, the Hiroshima model was called â€Å"ThinMan† at first, but during the manufacturing process the original planswere modified, shortening the length and giving rise to the nameâ€Å"Little Boy.† (Beyer 48).The energy released from the HiroshimaA-bomb was originally thought to be equivalent to the destructivepower of 20,000 tons of TNT. Later estimates, however, put the energyequivalent to approximately 15,000 tons of TNT, based on damage doneto buildings and research on the bomb’s composition. Despite therelease of such enormous energy, it is believed that less than onekilogram of the 10 to 30 kilograms of uranium 235 housed in the bombachieved fission. The fissionable material used in the Nagasaki bomb wasplutonium 239. The plutonium 239 was divided into below-critical-massunits and packed into a spherical case. At the time of detonation, theunits were compressed to the center with a gun-powder explosion toachieve fission. The Nagasaki model is known as an implosion-typeatomic bomb. Compared to the Hiroshima A-bomb, the one used inNagasaki was larger in diameter and round so it was called â€Å"Fat Man.†Only slightly more than one kilogram of the plutonium 239 is thoughtto have achieved fusion, but the energy released is estimated to beequivalent to the destructive power of about 20,000 tons of TNT(Hewlett 215). .u9640f7505a4a7409895d414c85c5d817 , .u9640f7505a4a7409895d414c85c5d817 .postImageUrl , .u9640f7505a4a7409895d414c85c5d817 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u9640f7505a4a7409895d414c85c5d817 , .u9640f7505a4a7409895d414c85c5d817:hover , .u9640f7505a4a7409895d414c85c5d817:visited , .u9640f7505a4a7409895d414c85c5d817:active { border:0!important; } .u9640f7505a4a7409895d414c85c5d817 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u9640f7505a4a7409895d414c85c5d817 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u9640f7505a4a7409895d414c85c5d817:active , .u9640f7505a4a7409895d414c85c5d817:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u9640f7505a4a7409895d414c85c5d817 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u9640f7505a4a7409895d414c85c5d817 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u9640f7505a4a7409895d414c85c5d817 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u9640f7505a4a7409895d414c85c5d817 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u9640f7505a4a7409895d414c85c5d817:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u9640f7505a4a7409895d414c85c5d817 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u9640f7505a4a7409895d414c85c5d817 .u9640f7505a4a7409895d414c85c5d817-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u9640f7505a4a7409895d414c85c5d817:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Leiningen Versus The Ants EssayLittle boy killed about 100,000 people outright, woundedanother 100,000, and destroyed about 90 percent of Hiroshima (Hewlett216). Yet, while the first atomic bomb was a roaring success, itraised many ethical and controversial issues. Most of the people inthe United States of America supported the use of the atomic bomb,even President Truman called it, â€Å"the greatest thing in history†(Beyer 75).Many people, including the scientists that developed thebomb, opposed the bombings and felt that it was immoral to kill thatmany innocent people just to get an influence in the war. The Manhattan Project was one of the most important parts ofAmerican History. It was the first effort to create an atomic bomb,that helped end the war in the Pacific. I enjoyed researching thetopic and learned a lot from my readings. Now I understand the atomicbomb better and also understand the motives behind it. Researchinghelped me understand the sheer strength and power of what a smallelement can do. All of our lives have changed through the developmentand bombing of the atomic bomb. The cold war, nuclear restrictions,nuclear energy, are all results of the first nuclear breakthrough. However, the controversial issues will still rage on. Nucleartesting, nuclear power, and nuclear waste are still being debated forover 50 years, and the United States, the only country to actually usethe bomb, is the leader.

Factors to Discovery the New World and Columbian Exchange Essays

Factors to Discovery the New World and Columbian Exchange Essays 10/16/2015 HIST 131-007 Dr. Adeyinka Banwo Factors to Discovery the New World and Columbian Exchange At the end of the 15th century, it was nearly impossible to reach Asia from Europe by land because of the conflicts of Roman Empire and Mongol Empire about the Mediterranean route control. The cost of Asian goods, such as silk, drugs, perfume, and spices, were overpriced, and European consumers tired of the increasing prices and demanded faster, less expensive routes to Asia. To have another way to Asia, Portuguese explorers took to the sea way that they sailed south along the West African coast and around the Cape of Good Hope. However, Christopher Columbus though if they sailed west across the Atlantic, the distance was shorter than the one around the mass African continent. And Spains Queen Isabella and King Ferdinand wanted to spread Christianity throughout the world and wanted to have fame and fortune by agreeing to help him. Columbus wanted to find a new route to the Far East, to India, China, Japan and the Spice Islands beside the sea route around the Cape of Good Hope. In his era, people knew that the world was round, so Columbus too. It could reach the East and the rich Spice Islands by sailing west just as easily as by sailing east. If this way could be found, people would have more choices to go to the East and would avoid all difficulties of the exist routes. Moreover, if Columbus could reach these lands, he would be able to bring back rich cargoes of silks and spices and would have fame and fortune. His contract with the Spanish rulers promised that he could keep 10 percent of whatever riches he found, along with a noble title and the governorship of any lands he should encounter. In the 15th century, Spain was a new country, and had newly been admitted into the family of Europe. They had not even joined to any great extent in the commerce of Europe. For of all the countries of Western Europe, they were in the least advantageous position for trade. At that time, all trades was with the East through the Mediterranean route. With ports near the center of this route with good water-ways and roads behind them, Genoa and Venice grew into wealthy and powerful merchant republics. While Spain was at the west end of the route, with water-ways short and of little use commercially, shared little in its commerce. To avoid the influence of the Mediterranean route and expand Christianity to the world, Spain needed to find another route to the East, and Christopher Columbus was their solution to find their chance. Christopher Columbus wasnt the first person who discovered the Americas, the New World, but he was the first person who connected and created an exchange bridge between the Old World and the New World. The two worlds transferred their culture and biological organisms and became a homogeneous world. Plants was one of the important factor to involved in the Columbian Exchange changed both the economy and the culture of the New and Old Worlds. There was an abundance of new plants discovered in the Americas (including beans, squash, chili peppers, sunflowers, chenopods, peanuts, tomatoes, sweet potatoes, manioc, avocado, pineapple, and cacao), but the two most important were the potato and maize. In addition to discovering New World plants, many plants were brought from the Old World to become hugely successful in the Americas. Among these plant, the most prevalent was sugarcane. The difference between the animals on the two worlds was huge. The natives only had a few animal servants. They had the dog, two kinds of South American Camels, the guinea pig, and several kinds of fowls. Before the Columbian Exchange, the natives had no beast of burden and did their hard labor entirely on their own. On Columbuss second voyage in 1493, he brought horses, dogs, pigs, cattle, chickens, sheep, and goats. When he brought the new animals across the ocean, it introduced a whole new transportation, a new labor form, and a new food source. Also, there was an exchange from the New World to the Old World. Columbus brought back turkeys, llamas, alpacas, and guinea pigs to Europe. These animals did

Toys R Us Management Audit Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Toys R Us Management Audit - Essay Example Toys "R" Us show cases some of the best toys across the world; so much so, that the Times Square store is a major tourist attraction for all visitors. The following paper presents a management audit of the chain store. The company is owned by a group of investors. There is a managing committee set up by the group which looks into the operations of the company. The company has interests in four major brands, viz., Toys "R" Us, Babies "R" Us, toysrus.com and Toys "R" Us International. Each one of them is headed by a President. Within the operations of every unit, there is a Executive Vice President heading the operation of every department. The structure below indicates the overall responsibilities in the company. There are also geographical heads for important regions in the organization, typically, North America. However, there are also heads for HR, product development, Sourcing, Finance and so on. This mixed structure helps the company in focusing on its major activity in any region or place. The same is also valid for splitting the businesses vertically in terms of baby products and toys. Isolation is also done on business plan basis. The internet business has been spun off into a separate enti ty, toysrus.com. Toys "R" Us is one of the leading toy stores. But for its baby products, it faces tough competition from the other major stores, viz., Wal-Mart, Target and others. But with the war intensifying, there is always a talk that Toys R Us might consider getting out of the toys business too. But then, with a wide network of retail stores across the United States and the major part of the world, Toys R Us is competitively positioned. However, they had to withdraw from more than one hundred stores in the year 2004. As of date, the strategic locations that are profitable to the chain stores are operated. The rest are either closed or let out for other retailers. And when it is the holiday season, they certainly cash in on it by ensuring there is something different in the store. This year it is the Big Toy book! Decision Making, Learning and Innovation Decision making in the company has been swift in coming through. Whether it is to close the stores in 2004 or open new ones this season in South Korea and Japan, the decisions have been made with clear knowledge of the market place and the future growth in mind. There has also been lessons learnt that is spread across to the decision making levels. The company itself is a learning organization and ensures that information about various products percolates down to the operating staff. Every one of the staff in the company can help a customer if there is need to in any of the toys being sold in the store. The importance for innovation in the products could be seen in a separate division that exists for the purpose. Planning & Strategy For planning and strategy, a SWOT analysis is done and the details are given in the table below: Strengths: The company is a major special retailer for toys and baby products. Knowledge of the business, strong retail chain of over 500 stores in the US and over 600 abroad ensure that the company could offer some of the best products. It also has a large asset base exceeding $2.9 bn. Weaknesses: Competition could eat into the profits of the company by underselling them. Typically, large departmental stores like Wal-mart and Target could do that. Inability to

John Edwards (Redeployment in Iraq) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

John Edwards (Redeployment in Iraq) - Essay Example A recent survey finds two in three Democrats believe the war is already lost and a serious criticism about the adventure of America's war against terrorism in Iraq is evident from the public side as well.1 President George W. Bush started the U.S.-Iraq War, led by the United States against the regime of Saddam Hussein, the authoritarian leader of Iraq in 2003. He explained that the goals of the war were to "disarm Iraq [and] to free its people." The initial reports of CIA and the Pentagon had demonstrated that Iraq possessed nuclear weapons of mass destruction (WMD) and these weapons were a serious threat to the world peace. But, after the Saddam regime has been overthrown and Saddam crucified, there is still no evidence of any such weapons of mass destruction and the public now doubts whether the goals stated by the Bush administration were really true or there were some other intentions that caused to start a war in the name of fight against terrorism and which has proved futile and fruitless. Over the years, more than 2,400 American military personnel have been killed and 18,000 wounded. The financial losses of this war are also dismal with more than $300 billion having been spent in this war and yet the war has not made the United States safer as promised to the American people. That is why; the people now are demanding immediate withdrawal of the American forces from Iraq. Among the advocates of withdrawal, there are the Democrats like John Deutch and Republicans like William Buckley.2 The Problem: From the above surveys, I can conclude that the majority of Americans does not believe in the success, intentions and goals of the U.S. - Iraq war. Besides the public opinion, there are some statistics that show the Bush Administration is not only suffering criticism on its policies, the Bush Administration's mistake in Iraq - invading for the wrong reasons and without enough troops to secure the country - have left the United States with no good options. The prolonged deployment of U.S ground forces in Iraq has resulted in increased suicide terrorism and the Iraq people now see the United States as an occupier rather than a savior. The invasion and occupation of Iraq has made terrorist threat worse than before. And coupled with Bush's disdain for managing shifting geopolitical balances to create a stable strategic environment in the Middle East, the Iraq War has weakened America's regional position in multiple ways.3 Thus, I would like to draw your attention about the actual problem that has caused a setback for the United States. From the facts mentioned above, it seems clear that the prolonged deployment of the American troops has negatively impacted the overall performance of the personnel at other fronts like Afghanistan and the probable action against Iran. Since the previous year, Al-Qaida has re-organized itself in Afghanistan and has gained control over many strategically important places. Similarly, there is instability in the bordering areas of Afghanistan and Pakistan where suicide attacks on the forces have become a common phenomenon and these attacks have negative psychological affects demoralizing the personnel deployed in the country. The war in Iraq has in fact caused the virtual isolation of the United States in the International community and the earlier supporters of the

Non Monetary Incentives in the Workplace

Non Monetary Incentives in the Workplace Mr. Ignacio Falgueras Sorauren conducted this research in 2000 in which he investigates the problem related to motivation in organizations. Actually this problem occurs when people tend to follow their own interests rather than firm s common goals. Primarily author try to address this problem by giving them some economic proposals but the study showed that economic proposal doesn t decrease conflict of interest and not able the people to purse firm s common goal rather than follow their personal interest. These economic proposals further create more problems but after that researcher through thorough study reveals that non-monetary incentives are most important to motivate people towards organizational goals because money is not the solution of every problem. As you can find lot of variables in this article, but with respect to my topic Motivation through monetary and non-monetary benefits help me to identify the dependent variable as organizational goal and independent variable is Employees interest towards job and their motivation towards organizational goals . So it shows that organizational goal is dependent on employee s interest towards job and their motivation towards organizational goals through some non-monetary incentives. Apart from monetary benefits there is a strong need of non-monetary benefits to purse employees towards firm common goals. Some non-monetary benefits include making job challenging and interesting so in this way they know what they are doing and produce positive results for the organization. In order to make job interesting and challenging money would not always play a big role because money is neither the motivator nor the major one. Researchers reveal that most of the time money leads to conflict of interest and the most important opposition of money is its incapability to reduce the conflict of interests born in any organization. So organization needs to set a common goal communicated with their employees, thus enables them to bring unity among their employees and in this way conflict problem has also resolve. Non-monetary incentive in shape of communicating organizational goal and setting targets for the team, make the employees to work for organizational interests rather than pe rsonal interest. This article is extremely relevant to my topic which helps me to understand that non-monetary incentives have great role to play for the achievement of organizational goals. Through these incentives inject motivation in employees to prefer organizational goals over their personal interest. Along with that the best way to motivate people is treating them as human beings because it is really essential to consider all human aspects to gain excellent results. Article 2 Judy Cameron., W. David Pierce. (1994). Reinforcement, Reward, and Intrinsic Motivation: A Meta-Analysis, Vol. 64, No. 3. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/1170677 Two Researchers Judy Cameron and W. David Pierce wrote a research paper titled as Reinforcement, Reward, and Intrinsic Motivation: A Meta-Analysis in 1994 to examine the effects of reinforcement and reward on intrinsic motivation. So in this paper they have conducted 96 experimental studies from different groups to compare rewards and non-rewards effect on intrinsic motivation. In this article I found Intrinsic Motivation as dependent variable, whereas reinforcement and rewards are independent variables. Thus, it shows that in order to bring intrinsic motivation there is need to be some good reinforcement and rewards. As I mentioned above they conducted 96 experiments and the results showed that reward does not decrease intrinsic motivation. Intrinsic motivation is the motivation that comes from inside the person and he gets pleasure while doing job or performing any particular task. When researcher scrutinizes the communication process he finds out that intrinsic motivation can increase through verbal praise. The reward is given to an employee on the completion of the task and it has an insignificant negative effect on intrinsic motivation as measured by the amount of time spent on the task. Because that person is self motivated so there is no need to give any rewards to that person but on the other way around concentration of employee s increases towards there job and they try to do the same task in shorter span of time and also in this way bring the efficiency in their work and higher intrinsic motivation. They further conducted five more studies about reinforcement and results reveal that rein forcement does not effect any individual intrinsic motivation. So it shows that you can reinforce your employee regarding the completion of job and that will not hurt their intrinsic motivation. In the end article leave us with one question it is not clear yet what effect reinforcement or reward have on intrinsic motivation. They consider some studies have opposing trend and not relevant because of outside of the researcher paradigm. This article is highly relevant to my study on motivation through monetary and non-monetary benefits. As intrinsic motivation does not increase when employee gets a reward but some times brings efficiency. Whereas reinforcement does not hurt employees intrinsic motivation so intrinsic motivation has a mix trend with respect to benefits. Article 3 Scott Jeffery. The Benefits of Tangible Non-monetary incentives, Retrieved from http://www.businessgroupinc.com/PDFs/The%20Benefits%20of%20Tangible%20Non%20Monetary%20Incentives.pdf Mr. Scott Jeffery the writer of the article which is titled as The Benefits of Tangible Non-monetary incentives talks about that some tangible non-monetary benefits are much more motivational for employees as compare to monetary incentives. And by doing that we can bring better reward system through which the organization easily gains their desired Objectives. One thing we have to keep in mind that in order to increase more performance, non-monetary incentive must be equal or greater than cash incentives because if you provide lower value non-monetary incentives that might be not as effective as high value cash incentives. In this important article I establish tangible non-monetary incentives as independent variable where as motivation is our dependent variable. Therefore motivation in employees is depending on your independent variable non-monetary incentives and this statement sounds true because there is high probability of bringing motivation in employee s trough non-monetary benefits. There are some very important points discussed in this article like, nowadays organizations use very small amount of tangible non-monetary benefits which are very small percentage of total employee compensation. In this research researcher discussed some explanations through which we get an idea that nowadays firms are not using this kind of incentives. Psychological process which increased motivational power of tangible non-monetary incentives is both emotional and cognitive (involves mental process). As you get to know about the power of tangible non-monetary benefits and when these two different cognitive and emotional processes gets together this mean that they toil together in decision making. Justifiability is cognitive because people have to consider the difficulty they have face in order to justify the purchase of tangible non-monetary benefits. On the other way around the nature of these justifiability concerns are more effective. The writer mentioned in this article that th e prize which is earned on the basis of good performance makes an employee to think about his achievement, consider as a cognitive process and even have a higher utility when other people get to know about your achievement. So, it shows that motivation or organizational goals are our dependent variables, whereas non-monetary incentives are independent. So I can conclude the article by saying that tangible non-monetary incentives boost employee motivation and has the ability to improve the efficiency of the organization. The article is highly relevant to my research which helps me to understand the role of emotional Psychology in order to motivate employees and how it enables the organization to achieve their desire goals. Article 4 Rizwan Saleem. (2005). A study on the effect of monetary Benefits (pay) and work motivation on job satisfaction. Retrieved from http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1529064 Mr. Rizwan Saleem from Mohammad Ali Jinnah University in 2005 wrote a research paper titled as A study on the effect of monetary Benefits (pay) and work motivation on job satisfaction . This study is conducted from the banking sector with respect to understand the effect of pay and work motivation on job satisfaction. For that they done exploratory research by developing the questionnaire in order to measure the level of pay, work motivation, and job satisfaction as well as achieve the effect of pay and work motivation on job satisfaction. In this article I discover dependent variable as Job satisfaction where as monetary benefits and work motivation is our independent variables. This means that job satisfaction is depending upon monetary benefits that employee is getting and along with that how well the employee is motivated towards the job. So the combination of both helps to achieve Job satisfaction for an employee. As the study showed about the psychology of human mind regarding job satisfaction is that person is self motivated to do that job or task and gets pleasure while doing that job. The rule of the thumb is that the more satisfied the employee, the higher the organizational performance. Further research reveals that there is a difference between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. In this article intrinsic motivation is defined as the motivation to perform an activity in order to experience the pleasure inherent in the activity. The cognitive evaluation theory says that rewards interpret an employee s competence and determine their intrinsic motivation. In this article we conclude that pay is independent variable and job satisfaction is depending upon it. Facts reveal that extrinsic incentives often crowd out intrinsic motivation which then reduces discretionary effort of workers. Research has revealed that motivation has different intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. According to Deci, Connell, Ryan intrinsic motivation can be defined as the motivation to perform an activity for it, in order to experience the pleasure and satisfaction inherent in the activity. According to cognitive evaluation theory and self determination theory it is rewards that are interpreted as information about one s competence and satisfy individuals need for autonomy, will enhance intrinsic motivation. In this article we conclude that pay is independent variable and job satisfaction is depending upon it. According to experiential facts, extrinsic incentives often crowd out intrinsic motivation which in turn reduces discretionary effort of workers. Researcher also found that overall the employees were satisfied with their jobs and have their interest in their job. By employing these two independent variables showed that job satisfaction comes automatically and study also proves that i n this way employees were more motivated to work for the organization. This article is relevant to my study in a sense that how motivation along with monetary benefits creates job satisfaction for an employee. It helps me to understand that monetary benefits also play a vital role in order to motivate employees and enhance their job performance. Article 5 Thomas Li-Ping Tang., Randy K. Chiu. (2003). Income, Money Ethic, Pay Satisfaction, Commitment, and Unethical Behavior: Is the Love of Money the Root of Evil for Hong Kong Employees?, Vol. 46, No. 1. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/25075086 Mr. Thomas Li-Ping Tang and Mr. Randy K. Chiu in 2003 through empirical study come up with a research titled as Income, Money Ethic, Pay Satisfaction, Commitment, and Unethical Behavior: Is the Love of Money the Root of Evil for Hong Kong Employees? . The research scrutinize a model involving income, the love of money, pay satisfaction, organizational commitment, job changes, and unethical behavior among 211 full-time employees in Hong Kong, China. In this article I found Organizational commitment as a dependent variable whereas pay satisfaction monetary benefits and love of money are independent variables. So pay satisfaction and good monetary benefits enable the employees to meet the organizational commitment. The study shows quite a few relation between important variables, to mention a few important ones it showed that love of money was negatively related to income and pay satisfaction and the love of money was also negatively related to ethical behavior which means that if you have a strong love for money you cannot easily resist unethical behavior. Pay satisfaction was positively related to organizational commitment. These relations show that income or money is not the cause of evil but the lust for money is the root to all unethical behavior within an organization. It has been highlighted in the article that the findings of this research shouldn t be interpreted that money is an evil as money itself is a key motivator for employees. There has been an increase regarding the importance of money as a career goal.Pay dissatisfaction has numerous undesirable consequences, e.g., turnover, theft, workplace deviance, and unethical behaviors in organizations and might have direct impact on com pany s strategic decisions and image. So there is need to provide good pay and monetary benefits to your employees in order to get the desired objectives. This article is related to my topic in a sense that by providing good monetary benefits to your employees, you eliminate the negative consequences such as high turnover, theft and dissatisfaction this further help them to meet the organizational commitment. Article 6 Hoimonti Ganguly. (Oct., 1974). Role of Status and Money as Motivators among Middle viromnmManagement, Vol. 10, No. 2. Retrieved by http://www.jstor.org/stable/27765445 Ganguly has conducted a research on the relative importance of Money and status on the motivation level of the middle managers of an organization. The study aimed at measuring the effect of both money and status separately on the commitment level of the employees and then to see which one is more important. Research revealed that status plays a more important role than money for middle managers and this is explained by the fact that the lower-end needs of the middle managers are reasonably fulfilled thus their satisfaction from the job will increase more if their status is improved as compared to the same increase in monetary reward. Money and most importantly Status are the independent variables of the research and the dependent variable is the motivation of managers towards the organizational goals. It has been observed that the correlation between status and motivation is particularly strong in case of middle managers. So it shows that in order to achieve organizational goals and motivate people towards their assigned task, there need to give them a status or position in the company that status is going to be self motivator. It has been further observed that the findings of this research hold true across all the stratifying variables like age, income, experience and qualification thereby strengthening the credibility of the research. The research also shows that younger managers are particularly sensitive to status. Managements that are trying to raise the motivation of its employees towards the organization goals should try to cultivate a corporate culture that meets the managerial needs of status. The research was further taken to define the different components of status and it was revealed that intrinsic factors like power, self-esteem, and self-actualization were important in defining status, rather than extrinsic incentives such as fringe benefits and white-collar work. Another important thing that should not be overlooked is that that status is to a great extent defined by the type of work assigned, task performed and result achieved. It has been suggested that linking status with performance tend s to improve motivation greatly. This article supports my topic in a way that motivation of middle level managers is not only depending upon the monetary and non-monetary incentives but also depend upon the higher status which is one of the non monetary reward. However it s crucial to take into consideration the different components of status which may vary from organization to organization. Article 7 S. K. Bhatia. (Jan., 1985). Job Motivation of Executives: An Empirical Study, Vol. 20, No.3. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/27768826 Increased motivation of the executives of an organization is very essential for its success not only because they make all the strategic decisions for the firm but also because of the fact that they influence and motivate all the employees working under them. S.k.Bhatia conducted empirical research on the job motivation of the executives. In the study he has aimed to identify a wide variety of factors that affects the motivation level of the executive and the importance they attach to these factors. He has conducted the research by primarily using surveys as his research tool. The article highlighted that monetary benefits, better job security, good working environment, job content, recognition, work-itself, responsibility, opportunity for growth and advancement and sense of achievement are significant factors that should be considered while making policies to increase motivation for the executives. I t has been observed that job content plays a very significant role in determining the level of satisfaction. Majority of employees who find their work duties boring and not contributing towards their advancement tend to have lower levels of motivation where as the ones who were satisfied with their job content directly derived job motivation and were more than willing to bend their energies for organization s benefit. Apart from the job content majority of the respondents answered that a positive perception of the executives is really important. Positive perception was a factor that was further researched upon by Bhatia and it was revealed that it encompasses a wide variety of factors, some of them that the employees mentioned were recognition, responsibility, opportunity for growth, work-itself, advancement, sense of doing good for the society and a sense of achievement. In this article Perception of the job is considered as a very vital factor controlling and defining the motivation of the executives thus in this empirical study it is taken as an independent variable which is determined by a wide variety of factors and vary from person to person and the variable that is dependent upon the perception of the employee is the job motivation. This means if the person changes his perception about their job and particularly if it changes in positive manner than organization performance definitely increases. Perception of the job is considered as the most significant psychological factors identified by all the Motivational theories. The findings of the research make it imperative to lay emphasis on intrinsic motivating factors identified by Herzberg in his two-factor theory. Along with that there is the marked difference in the degree of perception of executives belonging to three categories (i.e. first level, second level and middle level and above).The general trend is that higher the category of executives, the better the degree of perception of job and consequently the higher level of motivation. A large majority of executives are willing to shoulder greater level of responsibility showing their positive attitude towards the job. In the same way a large percentage of the survey population responded that they do not experience stagnation in their jobs and thus get enough opportunities for advancement in their careers which meet their need of self actualization. However on the other end of the spectrum are some respondents who said that they are over burdened and experience less opportunities for growth and advancement. Some first level executives complain that they need more training courses to improve their abilities. The executives have given useful and practical suggestions for bringing about an overall improvement in their job performance and functioning of the respective departments. Article 8 Harvey S. James, Jr. (2003). Why Does the Introduction of Monetary Compensation Produce A Reduction in Performance? Retrieved from http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=481942 Mr. Harvey S. James conducted the research in 2003through which he tries to find the answer of the question that why monetary benefits lead to decrease in performance. Through his observational study he revealed that extrinsic incentives usually crowds out intrinsic motivation. This article demonstrates that how the increase in monetary incentives starts displacing intrinsic motivation to act in the interest of principal. And basically they found out that the motivation of the person distracted when his intrinsic motivation is attacked by extrinsic incentives and in this way his preferences, objectives diverted towards incentives. In this article intrinsic motivation is our independent variable whereas explicit incentives is a dependent variable. It is observed that lot of people want to work without explicit incentives and when you increase their monetary benefits it will lead to decline in their effort. This change of effort takes place because now his motivation towards work is dependent upon extrinsic incentives e.g. lot of employees are interested towards certain job but there is a prize for one, then each and every one of them try to dominate each other and start working for personal interest rather than organizational interest. This decline in responsibility shows that there is a tradeoff people face either by intrinsically satisfied at a higher cost or get extrinsic satisfaction from being compensated. But on the other way around when the people have strong intrinsic motivation then it becomes difficult for explicit incentives to crowd out intrinsic motivation of people. Further he explains that teaching uncritically to workers in the interest of organization; incentives are also align if the workers work according to organization interest and such thing might be lead to counterproductive.Murdock s in 2002 through its analysis revealed that incentive contracts and intrinsic motivation are complementary because focusing on healthy work ethics rather than organization interest is followed by most of the organizations these days but on the other way around by giving these incentives increase the intrinsic motivation. And the major cause behind these kinds of incentives is to increase organizational efficiency and to produce the best result for the organization. This article is highly relevant to my study through which I come to know that the basic purpose of incentives is to employee s motivation towards organizational goals but most of the time it proves wrong for highly intrinsic motivated people, on the other way around author says that sometimes extrinsic incentives don t crowd out intrinsic motivation as well. Article 9 Dan Ariely, Anat Bracha, Stephan Meier. Doing Good or Doing Well? Image Motivation and Monetary Incentives in Behaving Prosocially. Retrieved from http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1010620 This article titled as Doing Good or Doing Well? Image Motivation and Monetary Incentives in Behaving Prosocially written by Dan Ariely, Anat Bracha and Stephan Meier. This paper scrutinize image motivation in which the focus is to be liked by others and treated well regarded, in their eyes. Prosocial behavior (doing good) is one of their drivers. Also determine whether extrinsic monetary benefits (doing well) have unfavorable effect on Prosocial behavior because of crowding out of image motivation. According to definition image is the presentation of ones behavior to other people. So this exclusive property showed that image is most important part of motivation to behave prosocially. Research also showed that when extrinsic motivation relate with image motivation then it is less effective in public than in private. I derive Motivation and extrinsic motivation as dependent variable whereas monetary incentives and behaving prosocially are dependent variable. It is revealed in the study that motivation is crowded out by monetary incentives which illustrates that monetary incentives are counterproductive for public prosocial activities as compare to private one. Through exploratory research researcher finds out that there hypothesis supports them because monetary incentives severely depends on visibility, monetary incentives are much more effective helping them privately rather than publicly Prosocial activities. As we know extrinsic motivation is a motivation that comes from outside of an individual and other way around people wants to be seen doing good without extrinsic incentives, these people want to be respected in the eyes of other people, they want other people to appreciates them and to consider them they are doing good job. But with extrinsic incentives there motive to work well deteriorates because extrinsic incentives makes them work for money or some other factors but they don t want people to consider that they are doing well . so in this way they are not get effective and their image value decreases. The signaling element of a product greatly influences its purchase thus if the government gives a subsidy on a particular technology that is environment friendly then the fact that whether the particular product is a publicly used product or not will greatly influence the buyers motivation to buy the product. The purchase of the environment friendly technology will confuse the buyer that how does his purchased is viewed by the public, is that made because the buyer is genuinely concerned about the environment or is it just to avail the tax benefit or is it bought just to create an image that you are a responsible citizen. Thus the government should carefully consider all its policies and should take into account the unintentional damage to signaling that their policy results in. Another option for providing the extrinsic incentive is to provide it without making it public, it will give the same effect as if the extrinsic incentive does not exists. This could be further elaborated by using the example that most of the donors for social causes do not make their identity public so that the signaling effect does not crowd outs their true cause. To conclude it is better to have less extrinsic incentives for visible Prosocial activities so that these incentives do not erode the moral aspect. This article is highly relevant to my study which gives me further knowledge about the effect of extrinsic incentives on motivation and if the person is not extrinsically motivated he wants to appreciate and considered that he is doing a good job. So different people is motivated through different ways. Article 10 Andrew Ballentine., Nora McKenzie., Allen Wysocki., Karl Kepner. The Role of Monetary and Non-Monetary Incentives in the Workplace as Influenced by Career Stage. Retrieved from http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/hr016 This article titled as The Role of Monetary and Non-Monetary Incentives in the Workplace as Influenced by Career Stage written by Andrew Ballentine, Nora McKenzie, Allen Wysocki and Karl Kepner. In the corporate environment manager these days constantly trying to create strong motivational environment in the organization through which all the workforce work towards the organizational goal together. For that they use monetary and non-monetary benefits to motivate them in workplace. There can be diverse kinds of monetary benefits which have a similar impact on associates. An example could be a mutual fund is one of monetary benefits provided through company insurance program or pension plans. Different people in an organization has different needs and there are different incentives for the employee of different age group. Nowadays organizations are replacing their traditional motivational incentives to newer ones according to the needs of younger generation. Along with that article also states that there are different monetary and non-monetary benefits at each stage of employee career e.g. a nature of an incentive is different for higher management of organization hierarchy as compare to lower level management. So I derive dependent variable as motivation, interest, and job satisfaction whereas career stage and Generation in which you born are Independent variables in this article. The basic reason of monetary benefit is to reward the employee s for excellent performance in their job by giving them money. Profit sharing, stock options, project bonuses and warrants are some types of monetary incentives. On the other way around the rationale behind non-monetary incentives is to reward the employees for excellent performance in their job by giving them opportunities. Flexible work hours, pleasant work environment and training are some of the examples of non-monetary benefits. Furthermore author also revealed that monetary and non-monetary incentives differ in the efficiency, functions and correctness depending upon the nature of incentive. Another researcher Alfie Kohn in 1993 presents his point of view that monetary incentives encourage Obedience to the work in an organization rather than risk-taking approach because most rewards are given on the basis of performance and people don t want to take risk their jobs. So in this way employees are not encouraged from being creative in work place. One of the most important aspects of the study is desired monetary incentives differ from career stage of employee and also from which generation he belongs to. Survey conducted by American Association of Retired Persons has shown that retired people are motivated to work for flexible schedules, part time hours, and temporary employment and they are known as Mature workers who were born between 1930 and 1945. Whereas baby boomers those who were born between 1946 to 1963 wants retirement planning , flexible retirement options, sabbaticals and job training as their non-monetary incentives. Further the next generation Generation X ers those who were born between 1964 and 1981 like flexible work schedule, professional development, feedback, tangible rewards and work environment as their non-monetary incentives. And Generation Y ers those who were born after 1982 wants flexible work schedules, professional development, feedback, tangible rewards and work environment as their non-monetary incentive to get motivated. This article is highly relevant to my research; it increases my understanding that motivation is different for different people. We have to give different non-monetary incentives to different generations and employees of different career stages to motivate them about specific task. Hypothesis Tentative Hypothesis: Ho: Monetary Benefits increases more employee motivation than Non-Monetary Benefits at an organization H1: Non-Monetary Benefits increases more employee motivation than Monetary Benefits at an organization Ho: there is no significant relation between communicating organizational goals and employee motivation level H1: there is significant relationship between communicating organizational goals and employee motivation level Ho: there is no significant relation

Comparison of Ballad of the Bread Man and Innocents Song Essay

Comparison of Ballad of the Bread Man and Innocent's Song by Charles Causley and Journey of the Magi by T. S. Eliot The subject matter of "Ballad of the Bread Man" is the religious story of the birth, life and death of Jesus. It has all the main events of the traditional story but it is done in a modern style. The meaning of the story remains but most of the particulars have changed. For instance in the poem a "bishop", "five start general", and a "head of an African country" represent the kings. Charles Causley has bought the story up to date so it appeals to people living today, especially younger people. Children might not understand the Bible version of the story so Charles Causley has made it more accessible and understandable for them. The poem is divided into twenty stanzas with four lines in each. There is a strict rhyming scheme that applies to the entire poem with no exceptions. In every stanza the last word on the second and fourth lines rhyme, for instance "bread" and "said" in the first stanza. There is a simple rhythm present, and it is very repetitive and familiar. The reason why the poem is so regimented with its structure, rhyme and rhythm is because it is a "Ballad" as it says in the title. The title "Ballad of the Bread Man" is very important. Ballads are very ancient poems that tell a story. Most ballads have a simple and recognisable form, structure and features. This is because originally ballads were passed on by word of mouth. They needed to be simple so they would be remembered. The "Bread Man" part of the title is a metaphor for the goodness of Jesus. Bread is mentioned in the Bible many times. It reminds you of "The Last Supper", "Loaves and Fishes", the bread used in ... ...ed me. "Journey of the Magi" is noticeably different to the two Causley poems even in its layout. Although some of the techniques of language are similar it is clear different poets wrote them. "Journey of the Magi" is more complicated and harder to comprehend. I liked the final stanza where Eliot asks if the birth of Jesus was a "birth or death?" The message in this poem is more diverse and unusual and that's what I liked about it. The three poems all deal with different stories about Christmas and from different perspectives. They are each trying to teach the reader something different and they are also aimed at different audiences. They use some similar methods in their language to convey their messages but at the same time they are distinguishable. The two Causley poems are the most alike while the Eliot poem really stands out and is very unique. Comparison of Ballad of the Bread Man and Innocent's Song Essay Comparison of Ballad of the Bread Man and Innocent's Song by Charles Causley and Journey of the Magi by T. S. Eliot The subject matter of "Ballad of the Bread Man" is the religious story of the birth, life and death of Jesus. It has all the main events of the traditional story but it is done in a modern style. The meaning of the story remains but most of the particulars have changed. For instance in the poem a "bishop", "five start general", and a "head of an African country" represent the kings. Charles Causley has bought the story up to date so it appeals to people living today, especially younger people. Children might not understand the Bible version of the story so Charles Causley has made it more accessible and understandable for them. The poem is divided into twenty stanzas with four lines in each. There is a strict rhyming scheme that applies to the entire poem with no exceptions. In every stanza the last word on the second and fourth lines rhyme, for instance "bread" and "said" in the first stanza. There is a simple rhythm present, and it is very repetitive and familiar. The reason why the poem is so regimented with its structure, rhyme and rhythm is because it is a "Ballad" as it says in the title. The title "Ballad of the Bread Man" is very important. Ballads are very ancient poems that tell a story. Most ballads have a simple and recognisable form, structure and features. This is because originally ballads were passed on by word of mouth. They needed to be simple so they would be remembered. The "Bread Man" part of the title is a metaphor for the goodness of Jesus. Bread is mentioned in the Bible many times. It reminds you of "The Last Supper", "Loaves and Fishes", the bread used in ... ...ed me. "Journey of the Magi" is noticeably different to the two Causley poems even in its layout. Although some of the techniques of language are similar it is clear different poets wrote them. "Journey of the Magi" is more complicated and harder to comprehend. I liked the final stanza where Eliot asks if the birth of Jesus was a "birth or death?" The message in this poem is more diverse and unusual and that's what I liked about it. The three poems all deal with different stories about Christmas and from different perspectives. They are each trying to teach the reader something different and they are also aimed at different audiences. They use some similar methods in their language to convey their messages but at the same time they are distinguishable. The two Causley poems are the most alike while the Eliot poem really stands out and is very unique.